Terminology

Pods

The smallest deployable unit, which consists of one of more containers.
Containers in pods share a network

Nodes are "machines" in the broader sense that belong to the Kubernetes cluster. Nodes can be virtual machines or physical machines.

A stable entry point for exposing pods.

Deployments manage pods. Thus, they manage the scaling and execution of pods.
For more details, see Deployment

Used for isolating groups of resources within a single cluster.
Default namespaces which are reserved do start with kube-

Get all pods across all namespaces: kubectl get po -A

Show services: kubectl get services <namespace>

Get all nodes: kubectl get nodes -o wide

Get all namespaces: kubectl get namespace

Show consumption, similar to docker stats: kubectl top pods -A

Shut down deployments by scaling to 0: kubectl scale deployment --all -n apps --replicas=0

Create the alias kfor kubectl: